操作系统实验报告：进程状态转换及其对应的PCB变化分析

流程图，代码，截图三、程序源代码: #include"stdlib.h" #include"stdio.h" #include"string.h" /********** globle structure and viable ******/ struct PCB { int P_Id; //PCB的ID号 char P_Name[10]; //PCB的名称 char P_State[10]; //PCB状态 int P_Runtime; //PCB的所需要的运行时间 int P_Requiry; //PCB所需要的资源要求 struct PCB * next ; //PCB块的下一个指针 } ; struct PCB * Create_state; //创建状态 struct PCB * Run_state; //运行状态 struct PCB * Ready_state; //就绪状态 struct PCB * Block_state; //阻塞状态 struct PCB * Exit_state; //退出状态 int signal4=0; //标示进程4的完成状态 int signal5=0; //标示进程5的完成状态 void InsertQueue(struct PCB **head,struct PCB *node) /* insert node function */ { struct PCB * p,*q; node->next=NULL; if(*head==NULL) //如果队列为空 { *head=node; } Else //队列不空 { p=*head; q=p->next; while(q!=NULL) //找到最后的元素位置 { p=q; q=q->next; } p->next=node; //将节点插入队列 } } void DeleteQueue(struct PCB **head,struct PCB *node) //撤销进程，从队列中删除元素 { struct PCB *p,*q; q=*head; if(*head==NULL||node==NULL) //如果队列为空，返回 return ; if(*head==node) //如果要删除的元素是队首元素 { *head=(*head)->next; return; } Else //如果不是队列的首元素 { while(q->next!=p&&q->next!=NULL) q=q->next; q=p->next; p->next=NULL; } } void Display_Process(struct PCB * node) //打印进程状态的元素函数 { printf("\n\nthis process Id is : %d \n",node->P_Id); printf("this process name is : %s \n",node->P_Name); printf("this process state is : on %s \n ",node->P_State); printf("this process Runtime is : %d \n",node->P_Runtime); if(node->P_Requiry) printf("this process resource is ready \n"); else printf("this process resource is not ready ! \n"); } void DispatchToBlock(struct PCB *node) // /* dispatch to block function*/ { //调度到阻塞状态的函数 //struct PCB *p=(struct PCB *)malloc(sizeof(struct PCB)); if(!node->P_Requiry) //如果所需要的资源没有满足则，调度到阻塞状态 { strcpy(node->P_State,"block"); InsertQueue(&Block_state,node); //插入到阻塞队列 Display_Process(node); } } void DispatchToReady(struct PCB *node) // dispatch to ready state { //调度到就绪状态的函数 if(node->P_Requiry) //如果所需的资源满足，则调度 { strcpy(node->P_State,"Ready"); InsertQueue(&Ready_state,node); Display_Process(node); } } void DispatchBlockToReady() //dispatch the process to readyqueue { //从阻塞状态调度到就绪状态函数 struct PCB*p,*q; q=Block_state; while(q!=NULL) //如果阻塞状态队列不空 { p=q; q=q->next; if(signal4&&p->P_Id==4) //如果所需要的资源满足 { DeleteQueue(&Block_state,p); strcpy(p->P_State,"ready"); InsertQueue(&Ready_state,p); printf("process4 will be in the state of ready!\n"); Display_Process(p); } if(signal5&&p->P_Id==5) { DeleteQueue(&Block_state,p); strcpy(p->P_State,"ready"); InsertQueue(&Ready_state,p); printf("process5 will be in the state of ready!\n"); Display_Process(p); } } } void Create_Process() //创建进程函数 { int i; struct PCB *p; char name[10]; strcpy(name,"process"); for(i=1;i<3;i++) //动态创建2个处于阻塞状态的进程 { p=(struct PCB *)malloc(sizeof(struct PCB)); p->P_Id=i; name[7]=i+'0'; name[8]='\0'; strcpy(p->P_Name,name); strcpy(p->P_State,"create"); p->P_Runtime=1; //所需要的时间片为1 p->P_Requiry=0; Display_Process(p); sleep(4); printf(" \n process%d will be in the state of Block, waiting the resource ready \n\n",i); DispatchToBlock(p); //同时调度到阻塞队列 } for(i=3;i<7;i++) //创建4个就绪状态的队列 { p=(struct PCB *)malloc(sizeof(struct PCB)); p->P_Id=i; name[7]=i+'0'; name[8]='\0'; strcpy(p->P_Name,name); strcpy(p->P_State,"create"); p->P_Requiry=1; if(i==6) //在这里个进程6所需要的时间片为2 p->P_Runtime=2; else p->P_Runtime=1; Display_Process(p); sleep(4); printf(" \n process%d will be in the state of Ready, waiting to run \n\n",i); DispatchToReady(p); } } void display(struct PCB **head) //打印各个状态队列里进程数目 { struct PCB *p,*q; p=*head; while(p!=NULL) { sleep(2); //printf("\n\n///////////////////////////////////\n"); printf("\n\nthis process Id is : %d \n",p->P_Id); printf("this process name is : %s \n",p->P_Name); printf("this process state is : on %s \n ",p->P_State); printf("this process Runtime is : %d \n",p->P_Runtime); if(p->P_Requiry) printf("this process resource is ready \n"); else printf("this process resource is not ready ! \n"); p=p->next; } } void Process_Run() //进程运行函数 { struct PCB *p,*q; p=Ready_state; q=p; while(p!=NULL) //就绪队列不空则继续执行 { if(p->P_Runtime<=0) break; //如果时间片执行完了，则跳出循环 strcpy(p->P_State,"running"); Display_Process(p); p->P_Runtime=p->P_Runtime-1; sleep(4); if(p->P_Runtime>0) //没有完成，则进入就绪队列 { printf("this process is not finished,will be dispatch to the ready queue!!\n"); DeleteQueue(&Ready_state,p); strcpy(p->P_State,"ready"); InsertQueue(&Ready_state,p); Display_Process(p); } Else //执行完成，则跳出，并发送相应的信息 { printf("\n\nProcess%d is finished and will be in the state of exit!\n\n",p->P_Id); if(p->P_Id==4) signal4=1; if(p->P_Id==5) signal5=1; } if(signal4||signal5) DispatchBlockToReady(); //如果资源满足，则将进程调度到就绪队列 q=q->next; p=q; } if(q==NULL) printf("\nthere is no process ready!\n STOP Machine!!!\n"); } int main(int argc,char * argv[]) //主函数 { int i; char c='c'; //界面 printf("\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ \n"); printf("...................................Ding Hai bo\n"); printf("......Press s to start the process.......\n"); scanf("%c",&c); while(1) { if(c=='s')break; scanf("%c",&c); } Create_Process(); //调用创建进程函数 printf("\n>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>\n"); printf("\n>>>>>>> Display the Ready queue >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>\n"); sleep(5); display(&Ready_state); ////////////////显示就绪队列里的进程 printf("\n>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>\n"); printf("\n>>>>>>>> Display the Block queue >>>>>>>>>>>>\n"); sleep(5); //显示阻塞队列函数 display(&Block_state); ///////////////////// printf("\n>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>\n\n\n"); printf("\n>>>>>>>> Now the process start to run >>>>>>>>>>>\n"); sleep(5); Process_Run(); //调用进程运行函数 } 都有