3G CDMA2000 Wireless system engineering - Yang S. (2004)下载

Preface xiii Acknowledgments xvii CHAPTER 1 Introduction to 3G CDMA 1 1.1 Third Generation Systems 1 1.2 Protocol Architecture 2 1.3 Other Elements of Protocol Architecture 3 1.4 Spreading Rate 1 and Spreading Rate 3 5 1.5 Differences Between IS-2000 and IS-95 7 1.5.1 Signaling 7 1.5.2 Transmission 8 1.5.3 Concluding Remarks 8 References 9 CHAPTER 2 Physical Layer: Forward Link 11 2.1 Introduction 11 2.2 Radio Configurations 14 2.3 Signaling Channels 15 2.3.1 Forward Dedicated Control Channel (F-DCCH) 15 2.3.2 Quick Paging Chanel (F-QPCH) 16 2.3.3 Forward Common Control Channel (F-CCCH) 19 2.3.4 Broadcast Control Channel (F-BCCH) 20 2.3.5 Common Assignment Channel (F-CACH) 21 2.3.6 Common Power Control Channel (F-CPCCH) 22 2.3.7 Pilot Channels 24 2.4 User Channels 26 2.4.1 Forward Fundamental Channel (F-FCH) 26 2.4.2 Forward Supplemental Channel (F-SCH) 27 2.5 Channel Structure 31 2.6 Modulation 32 2.7 Capacity Gain: Forward Link 34 References 35 Selected Bibliography 35 vii CHAPTER 3 Physical Layer: Reverse Link 37 3.1 Introduction 37 3.2 Radio Configurations 39 3.3 Signaling Channels 40 3.3.1 Reverse Dedicated Control Channel (R-DCCH) 40 3.3.2 Reverse Common Control Channel (R-CCCH) 41 3.3.3 Enhanced Access Channel (R-EACH) 42 3.3.4 Reverse Pilot Channel (R-PICH) 45 3.4 User Channels 49 3.4.1 Reverse Fundamental Channel (R-FCH) 50 3.4.2 Reverse Supplemental Channel (R-SCH) 50 3.5 Channel Structure 50 3.6 Modulation 51 3.7 Capacity Gain: Reverse Link 52 References 53 Selected Bibliography 53 CHAPTER 4 Medium Access Control 55 4.1 Introduction 55 4.2 Primitives 55 4.3 Multiplex Sublayers 57 4.4 Radio Link Protocol (RLP) 60 4.4.1 Overview of Layer 2 Protocols 60 4.4.2 llustration of the RLP 61 4.4.3 Concluding Remarks 62 4.5 Signaling Radio Burst Protocol (SRBP) 63 4.6 System Access 64 4.6.1 Basic Access Mode 65 4.6.2 Reservation Access Mode 65 4.6.3 Power Controlled Access Mode 67 4.6.4 Designated Access Mode 68 References 68 CHAPTER 5 Signaling Link Access Control 71 5.1 Introduction 71 5.2 LAC Sublayers 71 5.2.1 Authentication and Addressing Sublayers 71 5.2.2 ARQ Sublayer 73 5.2.3 Utility Sublayer 73 5.2.4 Segmentation and Reassembly Sublayer 74 5.3 Sublayer Processing 74 5.3.1 Common Signaling: Forward Link 74 5.3.2 Common Signaling: Reverse Link 76 5.3.3 Dedicated Signaling: Forward Link 77 viii Contents 5.3.4 Dedicated Signaling: Reverse Link 80 5.4 Interaction of Layer and Sublayers 80 5.4.1 Transmit Side 81 5.4.2 Receive Side 82 References 83 CHAPTER 6 Signaling: Upper Layers 85 6.1 Overview 85 6.2 State Transitions: Call Processing 87 6.2.1 Initialization State 88 6.2.2 Mobile Station Idle State 89 6.2.3 System Access State 91 6.2.4 Mobile Station Control on the Traffic Channel State 94 6.3 Mode Transitions: Packet Data Transmission 96 6.3.1 Active Mode 96 6.3.2 Control Hold Mode 96 6.3.3 Dormant Mode 96 6.3.4 Transitions 97 6.4 Channel Setup 97 6.4.1 Example 1: Base Station-Originated Voice Call 98 6.4.2 Example 2: Mobile Station-Originated Voice Call 99 6.4.3 Example 3: Mobile Station-Originated Packet Data Call 100 6.4.4 Example 4: Supplemental Channel Request During a 6.4.4 Packet Data Call 101 6.4.5 Concluding Remarks 104 References 104 CHAPTER 7 Power Control 107 7.1 Introduction 107 7.2 Power Control of the Forward Link 107 7.2.1 Inner Loop and Outer Loop 107 7.2.2 Power Control of Multiple Forward Traffic Channels 110 7.3 Power Control of the Reverse Link: Open Loop 113 7.3.1 Power Control of Multiple Reverse Channels 113 7.3.2 Summary 116 7.4 Power Control of the Reverse Link: Closed Loop 117 7.4.1 Inner Loop and Outer Loop 118 7.4.2 Power Control of Multiple Reverse Channels 119 References 121 CHAPTER 8 Handoff 123 8.1 Introduction 123 8.2 Soft Handoff 123 8.2.1 Active Set 124 Contents ix 8.2.2 Candidate Set 127 8.2.3 Neighbor Set 128 8.2.4 Remaining Set 129 8.2.5 Set Transitions 129 8.2.6 Example: Soft Handoff 129 8.3 Idle Handoff 133 8.3.1 Active Set 133 8.3.2 Neighbor Set 134 8.3.3 Private Neighbor Set 134 8.3.4 Remaining Set 134 8.3.5 Idle Handoff Process 134 8.4 Access Entry Handoff 134 8.5 Access Handoff 135 8.5.1 Active Set 136 8.5.2 Neighbor Set 136 8.5.3 Remaining Set 136 8.5.4 Access Handoff Process 136 8.6 Access Probe Handoff 138 8.7 Concluding Remarks 139 References 140 CHAPTER 9 System Performance 141 9.1 Introduction 141 9.2 Channel Supervision 141 9.2.1 Forward Link: Traffic Channel 141 9.2.2 Forward Link: Common Channel 142 9.2.3 Reverse Link 142 9.3 Code Management 142 9.3.1 Generation of Walsh Codes 143 9.3.2 Assignment of Walsh Codes: Forward Link 144 9.3.3 Quasi-Orthogonal Functions 147 9.3.4 Assignment of Walsh Codes: Reverse Link 147 9.4 Turbo Codes 150 9.5 Transmit Diversity 152 9.5.1 Orthogonal Transmit Diversity 152 9.5.2 Space Time Spreading 154 9.5.3 Concluding Remarks 156 References 156 Selected Bibliography 157 CHAPTER 10 System Design: Coverage 159 10.1 Introduction 159 10.2 Forward Pilot Channel 161 10.3 Forward Fundamental Channel 162 10.4 Forward Supplemental Channel 163 x Contents 10.5 Upper Bounds of Interference: Forward Link 165 10.6 Reverse Fundamental Channel 165 10.7 Reverse Supplemental Channel 167 10.8 Upper Bounds of Interference: Reverse Link 168 10.9 Eb/N0 and Receiver Sensitivity 169 10.10 Concluding Remarks 169 Reference 170 CHAPTER 11 System Design: Capacity 171 11.1 Introduction 171 11.2 Mathematical Definitions 171 11.2.1 Received Signal Power 171 11.2.2 Loading Factor 173 11.3 Reverse Link 174 11.3.1 Capacity 174 11.3.2 Capacity Improvements in IS-2000 176 11.3.3 Capacity Improvements in a System 177 11.4 Forward Link 178 11.4.1 Capacity 179 11.4.2 Capacity Improvements in IS-2000 182 11.4.3 Capacity Improvements in a System 183 References 185 CHAPTER 12 Network Architecture 187 12.1 Introduction 187 12.2 2G Network 187 12.2.1 Network Elements 187 12.2.2 Protocols 189 12.3 3G Network 189 12.3.1 Network Elements 190 12.3.2 Protocols 191 12.4 Simple IP 192 12.5 Mobile IP 193 12.6 Concluding Remarks 196 References 197 CHAPTER 13 1xEV-DO Network 199 13.1 Introduction 199 13.2 1xEV-DO Network 201 13.3 Protocol Architecture 202 13.3.1 Application Layer 204 13.3.2 Stream Layer 205 13.3.3 Session Layer 205 13.3.4 Connection Layer 206 Contents xi 13.3.5 Security Layer 210 13.3.6 Concluding Remarks 210 References 211 CHAPTER 14 1xEV-DO Radio Interface: Forward Link 213 14.1 Introduction 213 14.2 MAC Layer 213 14.2.1 Forward Traffic Channel MAC Protocol 214 14.2.2 Control Channel MAC Protocol 215 14.3 Physical Layer 215 14.3.1 Pilot Channel 215 14.3.2 Forward Traffic Channel/Control Channel 216 14.3.3 MAC Channel 219 14.3.4 Time Division Multiplexing 221 14.3.5 Modulation 225 14.4 Concluding Remarks 226 References 226 Selected Bibliography 226 CHAPTER 15 1xEV-DO Radio Interface: Reverse Link 227 15.1 Introduction 227 15.2 MAC Layer 227 15.2.1 Reverse Traffic Channel MAC Protocol 227 15.2.2 Access Channel MAC Protocol 228 15.3 Physical Layer 229 15.3.1 Reverse Traffic Channel 231 15.3.2 Access Channel 236 15.3.3 Modulation 238 15.4 Reverse Power Control 239 15.4.1 Open-Loop Power Control 239 15.4.2 Closed-Loop Power Control 240 References 240 Selected Bibliography 240 About the Author 241 Index 243