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. Introducing the Solaris 10 Operating System Purpose of the operating system and the concept of kernel layering Diagram the segments that make up the process address space The trap mechanism Differentiate between hardware and software interrupts New features in recent releases of the Solaris 10 OS Start using tools such as mdb, kmdb, and DTrace to examine kernel data structures Start using http://cvs.opensolaris.org/source/ to examine the source code 2. Multithread Architecture Difference between symmetrical multiprocessing (SMP) and asymmetrical multiprocessing (ASMP) Define an application and a kernel thread Define a lightweight process (LWP) Difference between a thread and an LWP Structures that describe the state of a kernel thread, an LWP, and a process How a mutex lock works Define a condition variable How a counting semaphore is implemented How a multiple-reader, single-writer lock works Advantages of multiple LWPs for a given process 3. Hardware Memory Management How the MMU tables are used to perform virtual-to- physical address translation Differences between the x86/x64 memory management unit (MMU) and the SFMMU Types of cache implemented on Sun systems Purpose of the hardware address translation (HAT) layer 4. Software Memory Management Layers of the SunOS 5.x software virtual memory (VM) system and the role of each layer Mapping structures that make up process address space Locate the page structures and process address space structures in mdb or dtrace and identify the fields within the structures How the memory mapping and memory control system calls can be used by an application programmer to effectively manage process memory needs 5. Paging and Swapping Layered approach to page-fault handling Conditions under which the page daemon runs Functions of the page daemon Conditions under which the swapper runs 6. The swapfs File System Shortcomings of SunOS 4.x swap management Changes that were made to the anonymous memory layer to accommodate the implementation of the swapfs file system Two advantages obtained by adding the swapfs file system to the SunOS 5.x 7. Scheduling At least two major barriers to real-time processing in the traditional UNIX architectures, such as System V Release 3 (SVR3), the 4.3 Berkeley Software Design version of UNIX (BSD), and SunOS 4.x software Difference between a fully preemptible kernel and a kernel with preemption points A routine used to place a thread on a dispatch queue When a thread is placed at the head of a dispatch queue How the sleep queues are ordered Define a user-level preemption Define a kernel-level preemption Define deterministic dispatch latency Define priority inversion 8. Process Lifetime Differences among the system calls used to create a new process The kernel routines used to implement process creation Types of executables supported in the Solaris 10 OS Routines used to implement executable and linking format (ELF) executables Advantages of the ELF executable format Actions taken by a process when it exits The waitid(2) system call and how it is implemented 9. Signals Types of signals that can be delivered to a process or thread Difference between a trap signal and an interrupt signal Signal management routines and their functions What the signal facility is for and how a signal is delivered 10. File Systems The vnode interface layer to a file system Four fields in a directory entry Advantages of the 4.3 BSD file system Function of the superblock and cylinder group structures Fields in the disk inode structure and how they are used Routines involved in determining the global placement policies Allocation routines using the flowcharts and describe how the fragments are located quickly